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Research paper | Open Access

A lead-free KNN-based, co-fired multilayered piezoceramic energy harvester with a high output current and power

Qiong Wua,c, Faqiang Zhangb, Bing Wanga, Zhi Chenga, Song Liub, Ronglei Zhua, Yuheng Huanga, Jianglei Changa, Zhifu Liub( ), Shuxiang Donga( )
Institute for Advanced Study & College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518051, China
Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academic Science, Key Lab Inorganic Functional Materials & Devices, Shanghai 201899, China
New Shicoh Motor Co., Ltd, Zhejiang, 314113, China

Peer review under responsibility of The Chinese Ceramic Society.

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Graphical Abstract

Abstract

To date, most of the reported piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEHs) use lead-based Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) piezoceramic family, which is obviously harmful to the environment. In recent years, the PEHs constructed with lead-free piezoceramics have been developed rapidly. However, their force-to-electric (F–E) output performances are still unsatisfactory. To address this issue, here we present a PEH assembled with lead-free potassium sodium niobate (KNN) based co-fired multilayered piezoceramics (MLPCs), which show a high output current and power. First, high-quality KNN-based MLPCs are prepared by tape-casting process. Each MLPC contains 11 piezoceramic layers, and the cross-section SEM image of the MLPC indicates that the ceramic layers are well connected with the Ag/Pd inner electrode layers. The d33 of a single MLPC reaches up to 4675 pC/N. The F–E output performance of KNN-MLPC based PEH is then tested. The inherent advantages of multilayered ceramics enable the PEH to achieve a peak-to-peak output current of up to 1.48 mA and a peak-to-peak output power of 2.19 mW under a harmonic force load of 6 kN at 14 Hz. Finally, the PEH is tested to validate its practical application in real road environments, demonstrating its promising for the use of self-powered monitoring sensors for collecting traffic data.

Keywords

Piezoelectric energy harvesterCo-fired multilayered ceramicsLead-free ceramicPotassium sodium niobate (KNN)Sensors

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Journal of Materiomics
Volume 11 Issue 2,
March 2025
Article number: 100876
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmat.2024.04.003
Cite this article:
Wu Q, Zhang F, Wang B, et al. A lead-free KNN-based, co-fired multilayered piezoceramic energy harvester with a high output current and power. Journal of Materiomics, 2025, 11(2): 100876. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmat.2024.04.003

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Received: 01 March 2024
Revised: 28 March 2024
Accepted: 03 April 2024
Published: 19 May 2024
© 2024 The Authors.

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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