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Research Article | Open Access

Comparison of the effects of 3 kinds of oils rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on glycolipid metabolism and lipoprotein subfractions

Hechun Liua,b, Feng Wanga,c, Hui Xiaa, Da Pana, Ligang Yanga, Shaokang Wanga, Feng Zhaod, Guiju Suna ( )
Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affi liated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
Research Center of Fatty Acid and Human Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China

Peer review under responsibility of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.

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Abstract

Dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) can be classified into animal- and plant-derived ω-3 PUFAs. Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are frequently accompanied by dyslipidemia, which is closely related to the high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) subfractions change. This study aimed to determine the effects of different sources ω-3 PUFAs on glucolipid metabolism and lipoprotein subfractions in T2DM with dyslipidemia. Ninety T2DM patients with dyslipidemia were randomly assigned to take 3 g/day fish oil (FO, containing eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)), 3 g/day perilla oil (PO, containing α-linolenic acid (ALA)), or 3 g/day blend oil (BO, containing EPA, DHA and ALA) for 3 months. 90 patients completed the intervention. There was a significant reduction of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in all the groups. The triglycerides (TG) in the FO group were significantly different with a group × time interaction (P = 0.043), which was higher compared with the other two groups. The serum small HDL-C subfractions in the PO group was higher and the serum large HDL-C subfractions in the PO group was lower than those in the BO and FO groups. Plant-derived ω-3 PUFAs are more effective at controlling blood glucose than animal-derived ω-3 PUFAs. However, animal-derived ω-3 PUFAs have a significant lowering effect on TG compared with plant-derived ω-3 PUFAs. Particularly, large HDL-C subfractions after animal-derived ω-3 PUFAs intake were higher than plant-derived ω-3 PUFAs intake; while small HDL-C subfractions were lower. Both the animal- and plant-derived ω-3 PUFAs have practical value in improving glucose and lipids metabolism in T2DM patients with dyslipidemia.

Keywords

DiabetesOmega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acidLipoprotein subfractionDyslipidemia

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Food Science and Human Wellness
Volume 12 Issue 6,
November 2023
Pages 2221-2231
DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2023.03.042
Cite this article:
Liu H, Wang F, Xia H, et al. Comparison of the effects of 3 kinds of oils rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on glycolipid metabolism and lipoprotein subfractions. Food Science and Human Wellness, 2023, 12(6): 2221-2231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fshw.2023.03.042

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Received: 11 May 2022
Revised: 19 June 2022
Accepted: 01 August 2022
Published: 04 April 2023
© 2023 Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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