<i>Trans</i>-cinnamaldehyde inhibits <i>Penicillium italicum</i> by damaging mitochondria and inducing apoptosis mechanisms

Fangwei Yang; Jiaqi Mi; Fei Huang; Prompong Pienpinijtham; Yahui Guo; Yuliang Cheng; Weirong Yao; Yunfei Xie

doi:10.1016/j.fshw.2022.03.022

Food Science and Human Wellness 2022, 11(4): 975-981 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fshw.2022.03.022

Research Article |

Open Access | Issue | Published: 28 April 2022

Trans-cinnamaldehyde inhibits Penicillium italicum by damaging mitochondria and inducing apoptosis mechanisms

Show Author's Information Hide Author's Information Fangwei Yang^{^a^,^b^,^c}, Jiaqi Mi^{^a^,^b}, Fei Huang^{^a^,^b}, Prompong Pienpinijtham^{^a^,^b}, Yahui Guo^{^a^,^b^,^c}, Yuliang Cheng^{^a^,^b^,^c}, Weirong Yao^{^a^,^b^,^c}, Yunfei Xie^{^a^,^b^,^c}(

)

School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China

State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China

Qingdao Special Food Research Institute, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China

Peer review under responsibility of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.

Keywords:

Cytochrome c, Apoptosis, trans-cinnamaldehyde, Penicillium italicum, Raman microspectroscopy, Inhibition mechanism

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Yang F, Mi J, Huang F, et al. Trans-cinnamaldehyde inhibits Penicillium italicum by damaging mitochondria and inducing apoptosis mechanisms. Food Science and Human Wellness, 2022, 11(4): 975-981. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fshw.2022.03.022

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Abstract Full text About this article

Abstract

Plant-derived essential oils have excellent antifungal effects and can be used for the preservation of fresh foods such as fruits and vegetables, but the detailed mechanism has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of trans-cinnamaldehyde on Penicillium italicum, a common pollution fungus in citrus, and explored the antifungal mechanism of trans-cinnamaldehyde by detecting fungal oxidative damage, mitochondrial metabolism, and cell apoptosis. These results showed that trans-cinnamaldehyde made the carboxylic acid cycle deregulated by altering the related enzyme activities (succinate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase) and mid product. Moreover, the level of reactive oxygen species rose sharply while the redox level was out of regulation. The mitochondrial membrane potential collapsed, leading to the leakage of cytochrome c, and then triggering the activation of apoptotic protease, which was further confirmed by the significant increase in caspase-3 activity from (3.6 ± 0.6) U to (8.8 ± 1.1) U (P < 0.05). The cytochrome c in mitochondria was detected by confocal Raman microspectroscopy, the characteristic intensity index (I₇₅₀/I₂₉₄₄) was decreased, indicating that the cytochrome c in mitochondria was reduced and leakage. Besides, the strong negative correlation between Raman intensity and the amount of cytochrome c leakage was established with the correlation coefficient of -0.9817. This study revealed that destroying the integrity of the mitochondrial membrane, activating the mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis pathway was the in-depth antifungal mechanism of trans-cinnamaldehyde; and Raman spectroscopy technology provided new ideas to study this process with high sensitivity determination of cytochrome c.

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Trans-cinnamaldehyde inhibits Penicillium italicum by damaging mitochondria and inducing apoptosis mechanisms

Show Author's information Hide Author's Information Fangwei Yang^{^a^,^b^,^c}, Jiaqi Mi^{^a^,^b}, Fei Huang^{^a^,^b}, Prompong Pienpinijtham^{^a^,^b}, Yahui Guo^{^a^,^b^,^c}, Yuliang Cheng^{^a^,^b^,^c}, Weirong Yao^{^a^,^b^,^c}, Yunfei Xie^{^a^,^b^,^c}(

)

School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China

State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China

Qingdao Special Food Research Institute, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China

Peer review under responsibility of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.

Abstract

Keywords: Cytochrome c, Apoptosis, trans-cinnamaldehyde, Penicillium italicum, Raman microspectroscopy, Inhibition mechanism

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Received: 12 October 2020

Revised: 20 October 2020

Accepted: 09 November 2020

Published: 28 April 2022

Issue date: July 2022

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Acknowledgements

The work described in this article was supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2020M680064), National Natural Science Foundation of China (32172326), and the Postdoctoral Research Startup Fee of Jiangnan University (1025219032200190).

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This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).