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Food Science and Human Wellness 2022, 11(1): 32-40 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fshw.2021.07.004
Research Article | Open Access | Issue | Published: 11 September 2021

Milled flaxseed-added diets ameliorated hepatic inflammation by reducing gene expression of TLR4/NF-κB pathway and altered gut microbiota in STZ-induced type 1 diabetic mice

Show Author's Information Hui Xiaa,  Xiangling Shia,  Beijia Zhoua,  Jing Suib,  Chao Yanga,  Hechun Liua,  Ligang Yanga,  Shaokang Wanga,  Guiju Suna( )
Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
Research Institute for Environment and Health, School of Law and Public Affairs, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210044, China

Peer review under responsibility of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.

Keywords:
Gut microbiota, TLR4/NF-κB pathway, Milled flaxseed, Type 1 diabetes
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Xia H, Shi X, Zhou B, et al. Milled flaxseed-added diets ameliorated hepatic inflammation by reducing gene expression of TLR4/NF-κB pathway and altered gut microbiota in STZ-induced type 1 diabetic mice. Food Science and Human Wellness, 2022, 11(1): 32-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fshw.2021.07.004
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Abstract Full text About this article

Flaxseed has displayed the potential beneficial as functional foods. However, most studies focused on effects of flaxseed extracts or ingredients in flaxseed. Besides, few studies showed that flaxseed extracts contributed to anti-type 1 diabetes (T1D), yet the underlying mechanism is still unknown. In the present study, 16.7% of milled flaxseed (MF)-added diet was given to diabetic mice induced by streptozocin for 6 weeks. The results showed that MF feeding 1) slightly decreased blood glucose levels and improved the ability of glucose tolerance by oral glucose tolerance test, 2) decreased liver tumor necrosis factor-α levels and increased liver glycogen levels with significance via down-regulating TLR4/NF-κB pathways, 3) and significantly altered some beneficial bacteria in gut microbiota. In conclusion, the present study showed that milled flaxseed showed the potential on anti-T1D through anti-inflammation via TLR4/NF-κB and altering the gut microbiota in STZ-induced diabetic mice.


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About this article

Milled flaxseed-added diets ameliorated hepatic inflammation by reducing gene expression of TLR4/NF-κB pathway and altered gut microbiota in STZ-induced type 1 diabetic mice

Show Author's information Hui Xiaa, Xiangling Shia, Beijia Zhoua, Jing Suib, Chao Yanga, Hechun Liua, Ligang Yanga, Shaokang Wanga, Guiju Suna( )
Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
Research Institute for Environment and Health, School of Law and Public Affairs, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210044, China

Peer review under responsibility of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.

Abstract

Flaxseed has displayed the potential beneficial as functional foods. However, most studies focused on effects of flaxseed extracts or ingredients in flaxseed. Besides, few studies showed that flaxseed extracts contributed to anti-type 1 diabetes (T1D), yet the underlying mechanism is still unknown. In the present study, 16.7% of milled flaxseed (MF)-added diet was given to diabetic mice induced by streptozocin for 6 weeks. The results showed that MF feeding 1) slightly decreased blood glucose levels and improved the ability of glucose tolerance by oral glucose tolerance test, 2) decreased liver tumor necrosis factor-α levels and increased liver glycogen levels with significance via down-regulating TLR4/NF-κB pathways, 3) and significantly altered some beneficial bacteria in gut microbiota. In conclusion, the present study showed that milled flaxseed showed the potential on anti-T1D through anti-inflammation via TLR4/NF-κB and altering the gut microbiota in STZ-induced diabetic mice.

Keywords: Gut microbiota, TLR4/NF-κB pathway, Milled flaxseed, Type 1 diabetes

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Publication history

Received: 31 December 2020
Revised: 22 February 2021
Accepted: 23 February 2021
Published: 11 September 2021
Issue date: January 2022

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© 2021 Beijing Academy of Food Sciences. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

The authors also thank the support from National Key Research and Development Program of China (NO. 2016YFD400604-02), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NO. 82003457), Jiangsu Province Science Foundation for Youths (NO. BK20200366), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and "Zhishan" Scholars Programs of Southeast University.

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This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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