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Research Article | Open Access

Terrain or climate factor dominates vegetation resilience? Evidence from three national parks across different climatic zones in China

Shuang Liua, Lingxin Wub, Shiyong Zhena, Qinxian Lina, Xisheng Hua, Jian Lic( )
College of Transportation and Civil Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
College of JunCao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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Abstract

Vegetation resilience (VR), providing an objective measure of ecosystem health, has received considerable attention, however, there is still limited understanding of whether the dominant factors differ across different climate zones. We took the three national parks (Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park, HTR; Wuyishan National Park, WYS; and Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park, NTL) of China with less human interference as cases, which are distributed in different climatic zones, including tropical, subtropical and temperate monsoon climates, respectively. Then, we employed the probabilistic decay method to explore the spatio-temporal changes in the VR and their natural driving patterns using Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) model as well. The results revealed that: (1) from 2000 to 2020, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) of the three national parks fluctuated between 0.800 and 0.960, exhibiting an overall upward trend, with the mean NDVI of NTL (0.923) > ​HTR (0.899) > ​WYS (0.823); (2) the positive trend decay time of vegetation exceeded that of negative trend, indicating vegetation gradual recovery of the three national parks since 2012; (3) the VR of HTR was primarily influenced by elevation, aspect, average ​annual temperature change (AATC), and average annual precipitation change (AAPC); the WYS' VR was mainly affected by elevation, average ​annual precipitation (AAP), and AAPC; while the terrain factors (elevation and slope) were the main driving factors of VR in NTL; (4) among the main factors influencing the VR changes, the AAPC had the highest proportion in HTR (66.7%), and the AAP occupied the largest area proportion in WYS (80.4%). While in NTL, elevation served as the main driving factor for the VR, encompassing 64.2% of its area. Consequently, our findings indicated that precipitation factors were the main driving force for the VR changes in HTR and WYS national parks, while elevation was the main factors that drove the VR in NTL. Our research has promoted a deeper understanding of the driving mechanism behind the VR.

Keywords

National parksVegetation resilienceNDVIProbabilistic decay modelDriving factors

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Forest Ecosystems
Volume 11 Issue 4,
August 2024
Article number: 100212
DOI: 10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100212
Cite this article:
Liu S, Wu L, Zhen S, et al. Terrain or climate factor dominates vegetation resilience? Evidence from three national parks across different climatic zones in China. Forest Ecosystems, 2024, 11(4): 100212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100212

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Received: 01 March 2024
Revised: 31 May 2024
Accepted: 31 May 2024
Published: 07 June 2024
© 2024 The Authors.

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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