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Research Article | Open Access

Atmospheric nitrogen deposition affects forest plant and soil system carbon:nitrogen:phosphorus stoichiometric flexibility: A meta-analysis

Xiyan Jianga, Xiaojing Wanga, Yaqi Qiaoa, Yi Caoa, Yan Jiaoa, An Yanga, Mengzhou Liua, Lei Maa, Mengya Songa,b,c( ), Shenglei Fua,b,c
Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
Henan Key Laboratory of Integrated Air Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
Henan Dabieshan National Field Observation and Research Station of Forest Ecosystem, Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
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Abstract

Background

Nitrogen (N) deposition affects forest stoichiometric flexibility through changing soil nutrient availability to influence plant uptake. However, the effect of N deposition on the flexibility of carbon (C), N, and phosphorus (P) in forest plant-soil-microbe systems remains unclear.

Methods

We conducted a meta-analysis based on 751 pairs of observations to evaluate the responses of plant, soil and microbial biomass C, N and P nutrients and stoichiometry to N addition in different N intensity (0–50, 50–100, >100 ​kg·ha−1·year−1 of N), duration (0–5, >5 year), method (understory, canopy), and matter (ammonium N, nitrate N, organic N, mixed N).

Results

N addition significantly increased plant N:P (leaf: 14.98%, root: 13.29%), plant C:P (leaf: 6.8%, root: 25.44%), soil N:P (13.94%), soil C:P (10.86%), microbial biomass N:P (23.58%), microbial biomass C:P (12.62%), but reduced plant C:N (leaf: 6.49%, root: 9.02%). Furthermore, plant C:N:P stoichiometry changed significantly under short-term N inputs, while soil and microorganisms changed drastically under high N addition. Canopy N addition primarily affected plant C:N:P stoichiometry through altering plant N content, while understory N inputs altered more by influencing soil C and P content. Organic N significantly influenced plant and soil C:N and C:P, while ammonia N changed plant N:P. Plant C:P and soil C:N were strongly correlated with mean annual precipitation (MAT), and the C:N:P stoichiometric flexibility in soil and plant under N addition connected with soil depth. Besides, N addition decoupled the correlations between soil microorganisms and the plant.

Conclusions

N addition significantly increased the C:P and N:P in soil, plant, and microbial biomass, reducing plant C:N, and aggravated forest P limitations. Significantly, these impacts were contingent on climate types, soil layers, and N input forms. The findings enhance our comprehension of the plant-soil system nutrient cycling mechanisms in forest ecosystems and plant strategy responses to N deposition.

Keywords

C:N:P stoichiometryMeta-analysisForest ecosystemNitrogen addition formNutrient cycles

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Forest Ecosystems
Volume 11 Issue 3,
June 2024
Article number: 100192
DOI: 10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100192

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Cite this article:
Jiang X, Wang X, Qiao Y, et al. Atmospheric nitrogen deposition affects forest plant and soil system carbon:nitrogen:phosphorus stoichiometric flexibility: A meta-analysis. Forest Ecosystems, 2024, 11(3): 100192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100192

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Received: 08 January 2024
Revised: 29 March 2024
Accepted: 31 March 2024
Published: 09 April 2024
© 2024 The Authors.

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).