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Forest Ecosystems 2022, 9(6): 100073 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fecs.2022.100073
Research Article | Open Access | Issue | Published: 23 November 2022

The anatomical structure of woody plants in arid habitats is closely related to nonstructural carbohydrates storage

Show Author's Information Zedong Li,  Xinxiao Yu*( ),  Guodong Jia( )
Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China

* Corresponding author. Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.

Keywords:
Drought, Embolism, Leaf anatomy, NSC concentration, Xylem
Cite this article:
Li Z, Yu X, Jia G. The anatomical structure of woody plants in arid habitats is closely related to nonstructural carbohydrates storage. Forest Ecosystems, 2022, 9(6): 100073. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fecs.2022.100073
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Abstract Full text About this article
Background

The high temperatures and drought conditions associated with global climate change have led to the widespread death of trees and forests, which has generated research interest in the impact of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) reserves on woody plant survival in changing environments. The anatomical characteristics of plants can affect the scale and variability of NSC reserves, and linking the anatomical characteristics of trees to NSC concentration can help answer questions about the potential role of NSC in the repair of xylem embolism during drought.

Results

The anatomical characteristics, NSC concentrations and gas exchange parameters were determined in 16 common afforestation tree species in typical arid limestone habitats in rocky mountain regions. We found that the anatomical structures varied greatly among the tree species studied, and a branch xylem hydraulic efficiency–safety tradeoff was not observed. NSC concentration was significantly and positively correlated with variables including mean vessel diameter (MVD), maximum vessel diameter (XVD), potential hydraulic conductivity (Kp), vessel wall thickness (VWT), ratio of palisade tissue thickness to sponge tissue thickness (PT/ST), net photosynthetic rate (Pn), water use efficiency (WUE) and axial parenchyma cell area, and negatively with sponge tissue thickness (ST) and lower epidermis thickness (LET) of leaves. Among the four latent variables, mechanical strength was inversely related to NSC concentration, whilst hydraulic efficiency, leaf carbon fixation, and the embolism repair and storage capacity all had a positive effect.

Conclusions

Our study revealed that tree species with larger vessel diameters, thicker vessel walls, more abundant axial parenchyma, and higher PT/ST have higher NSC storage in arid habitats in northern China. Varying xylem anatomical characteristics and leaf anatomical characteristics among different tree species lead to differentiated water transport and photosynthetic processes, thereby regulating the NSC concentrations. A higher NSC concentration may enhance the embolism repair capacity of plants and play an important role in maintaining hydraulic integrity in arid habitats.


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About this article

The anatomical structure of woody plants in arid habitats is closely related to nonstructural carbohydrates storage

Show Author's information Zedong Li, Xinxiao Yu*( ), Guodong Jia( )
Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China

* Corresponding author. Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.

Abstract

Background

The high temperatures and drought conditions associated with global climate change have led to the widespread death of trees and forests, which has generated research interest in the impact of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) reserves on woody plant survival in changing environments. The anatomical characteristics of plants can affect the scale and variability of NSC reserves, and linking the anatomical characteristics of trees to NSC concentration can help answer questions about the potential role of NSC in the repair of xylem embolism during drought.

Results

The anatomical characteristics, NSC concentrations and gas exchange parameters were determined in 16 common afforestation tree species in typical arid limestone habitats in rocky mountain regions. We found that the anatomical structures varied greatly among the tree species studied, and a branch xylem hydraulic efficiency–safety tradeoff was not observed. NSC concentration was significantly and positively correlated with variables including mean vessel diameter (MVD), maximum vessel diameter (XVD), potential hydraulic conductivity (Kp), vessel wall thickness (VWT), ratio of palisade tissue thickness to sponge tissue thickness (PT/ST), net photosynthetic rate (Pn), water use efficiency (WUE) and axial parenchyma cell area, and negatively with sponge tissue thickness (ST) and lower epidermis thickness (LET) of leaves. Among the four latent variables, mechanical strength was inversely related to NSC concentration, whilst hydraulic efficiency, leaf carbon fixation, and the embolism repair and storage capacity all had a positive effect.

Conclusions

Our study revealed that tree species with larger vessel diameters, thicker vessel walls, more abundant axial parenchyma, and higher PT/ST have higher NSC storage in arid habitats in northern China. Varying xylem anatomical characteristics and leaf anatomical characteristics among different tree species lead to differentiated water transport and photosynthetic processes, thereby regulating the NSC concentrations. A higher NSC concentration may enhance the embolism repair capacity of plants and play an important role in maintaining hydraulic integrity in arid habitats.

Keywords: Drought, Embolism, Leaf anatomy, NSC concentration, Xylem

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Received: 27 July 2022
Revised: 24 October 2022
Accepted: 09 November 2022
Published: 23 November 2022
Issue date: December 2022

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© 2022 The Authors.

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Beijing Jiufeng National Forest Park for supporting this study. Constructive comments and suggestions from two anonymous reviewers have helped improve the manuscript for final publication.

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This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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