Numerical modeling of wet steam infused fluid mixture for potential fire suppression applications

An advanced numerical model for modeling spontaneous condensation phenomena of water vapor was presented to investigate the flow behaviors in a converging–diverging nozzle for potential application in fire suppression using steam ejectors. The numerical model is validated against existing experimental data, which shows a good agreement. The proposed model was then compared against the ideal gas model in terms of various flow behaviors, including static pressure and Mach number in a newly designed nozzle. The condensing behaviors were accurately captured by the proposed model, while the idea gas model failed to do so. The condensation phenomena, including nucleation rate, droplet number, etc., in the nozzle, were discussed in detail. The accurate prediction results proved the possibility and demonstrated potential of applying the proposed model to broader fields of applications, especially into a steam ejector.