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Health Care Science 2022, 1(2): 119-128 https://doi.org/10.1002/hcs2.15
Review | Open Access | Issue | Published: 13 September 2022

Microbiosis in lung allotransplantation and xenotransplantation: State of the art and future perspective

Show Author's Information Jiao Guohui1,  Wu Kun1,  Tian Dong2,  Zhang Ji3,  Liu Dong3,  Wei Dong3,  Chen Jingyu3( )
Center for Medical Device Evaluation, NMPA, Beijing, China
Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
Wuxi Lung Transplant Center, Wuxi People's Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
Keywords:
microbiome, kinetics, xenotransplantation, allotransplanting, lung
Cite this article:
Guohui J, Kun W, Dong T, et al. Microbiosis in lung allotransplantation and xenotransplantation: State of the art and future perspective. Health Care Science, 2022, 1(2): 119-128. https://doi.org/10.1002/hcs2.15
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Abstract Full text About this article

The respiratory tract is known to harbor a microbial community including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. New techniques contribute enormously to the identification of unknown or culture‐independent species and reveal the interaction of the community with the host immune system. The existing respiratory microbiome and substantial equilibrium of the transplanted microbiome from donor lung grafts provide an extreme bloom of dynamic changes in the microenvironment in lung transplantation (LT) recipients. Dysbiosis in grafts are not only related to the modified microbial components but also involve the kinetics of the host‐graft “talk,” which signifies the destination of graft allograft injury, acute rejection, infection, and chronic allograft dysfunction development in short‐ and long‐term survival. Microbiome‐derived factors may contribute to lung xenograft survival when using genetically multimodified pig‐derived organs. Here, we review the most advanced knowledge of the dynamics and resilience of microbial communities in transplanted lungs with various pretransplant indications. Conceptual and analytical points of view have been illustrated along the time series, gaining insight into the microbiome and lung grafts. Future endeavors on precise tools, sophisticated models, and novel targeted regimens are needed to improve the long‐term survival in these patients.


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About this article

Microbiosis in lung allotransplantation and xenotransplantation: State of the art and future perspective

Show Author's information Jiao Guohui1, Wu Kun1, Tian Dong2, Zhang Ji3, Liu Dong3, Wei Dong3, Chen Jingyu3( )
Center for Medical Device Evaluation, NMPA, Beijing, China
Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
Wuxi Lung Transplant Center, Wuxi People's Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China

Abstract

The respiratory tract is known to harbor a microbial community including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. New techniques contribute enormously to the identification of unknown or culture‐independent species and reveal the interaction of the community with the host immune system. The existing respiratory microbiome and substantial equilibrium of the transplanted microbiome from donor lung grafts provide an extreme bloom of dynamic changes in the microenvironment in lung transplantation (LT) recipients. Dysbiosis in grafts are not only related to the modified microbial components but also involve the kinetics of the host‐graft “talk,” which signifies the destination of graft allograft injury, acute rejection, infection, and chronic allograft dysfunction development in short‐ and long‐term survival. Microbiome‐derived factors may contribute to lung xenograft survival when using genetically multimodified pig‐derived organs. Here, we review the most advanced knowledge of the dynamics and resilience of microbial communities in transplanted lungs with various pretransplant indications. Conceptual and analytical points of view have been illustrated along the time series, gaining insight into the microbiome and lung grafts. Future endeavors on precise tools, sophisticated models, and novel targeted regimens are needed to improve the long‐term survival in these patients.

Keywords: microbiome, kinetics, xenotransplantation, allotransplanting, lung

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Received: 22 April 2022
Accepted: 03 August 2022
Published: 13 September 2022
Issue date: October 2022

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